Kalata yosintha
Mtumwi Paulo adalemba kalatayi ku mpingo waku Roma pafupifupi zaka 2000 zapitazo. Kalatayo ndi masamba ochepa chabe, osapitilira mawu 10.000, koma zimakhudza kwambiri. Katatu konse m'mbiri ya Mpingo wa Chikhristu, kalatayi yadzetsa phokoso lomwe lasintha Mpingo kukhala wabwino.
Kunali kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1400 pamene m'busa wa ku Augustine wotchedwa Martin Luther anayesa kutonthoza chikumbumtima chake mwa kukhala moyo umene ankautcha moyo wopanda chilema. Komabe, ngakhale kuti ankatsatira miyambo yonse ndi malamulo operekedwa a unsembe wake, Luther ankadzimvabe kuti anali kutali ndi Mulungu. Kenako, monga mphunzitsi wa ku yunivesite amene ankaphunzira Kalata Yopita kwa Aroma, Luther anadzipeza akukopeka ndi kufotokozera kwa Paulo mu Aroma 1:17: "Pakuti mmenemo [Uthenga Wabwino] chilungamo cha Mulungu chavumbulutsidwa—chilungamo chochokera m'chikhulupiriro kuyambira pachiyambi mpaka kumapeto. Monga momwe kwalembedwera, 'Wolungama adzakhala ndi moyo ndi chikhulupiriro.'" Chowonadi cha ndime yamphamvu iyi chinamukhudza kwambiri Luther. Analemba kuti:
Ndipamene ndidayamba kumvetsetsa kuti chilungamo cha Mulungu ndi chomwe olungama amakhala nacho kudzera mu mphatso ya Mulungu, yomwe ndi chilungamo chongopeka chomwe Mulungu wachifundo amatilungamitsira nacho chikhulupiriro. Pamenepo ndinamva kuti ndinabadwa watsopano ndipo ndinalowa m'Paradaiso momwemo. Ndikuganiza kuti mukudziwa zomwe zidachitika. Luther sakanatha kungokhala chete pakupezekanso kwa uthenga wabwino komanso wosavuta. Zotsatira zake zinali Kusintha kwa Chiprotestanti.
Chipwirikiti china chomwe chidayambitsidwa ndi Aroma chidachitika ku England cha m'ma 1730. Church of England inali pamavuto. Ku London kunali malo oledzera komanso moyo wosalira zambiri. Ziphuphu zinali ponseponse, ngakhale m'matchalitchi. M'busa wachinyamata wa Anglican wotchedwa John Wesley amalalikira za kulapa, koma zoyesayesa zake sizinathandize kwenikweni. Kenako, atakhudzidwa ndi chikhulupiriro cha gulu la Akhristu achijeremani paulendo wamphepo wa Atlantic, Wesley adakopeka kupita kunyumba yosonkhanira ya Abale a Moravia. Wesley adalongosola motere: Madzulo, monyinyirika kwambiri, ndidapita kuphwando ku Aldersgate Street komwe munthu wina amawerenga mawu oyamba a Luther ku Aroma. Pafupifupi kotala mpaka XNUMX, pomwe amafotokoza za kusinthika kwa Mulungu akugwira ntchito mu mtima kudzera mu chikhulupiriro mwa Khristu, ndidamva mtima wanga ukutenthedwa modabwitsa. Ndidamva kuti ndikudalira chipulumutso changa kwa Khristu, Khristu yekha. Ndipo ndidapatsidwa chitsimikizo kuti adachotsa machimo anga, ngakhale machimo anga, ndikundimasula ku lamulo la uchimo ndi imfa.
Apanso, Kalata Yopita kwa Aroma inali yofunika kwambiri pobwezeretsa mpingo ku chikhulupiriro, pamene nthawi yomweyo inayambitsa chitsitsimutso cha uthenga wabwino. Kusintha kwina, komwe kunachitika posachedwapa, kukutitengera ku Ulaya mu 1916. Pakati pa imfa ya Nkhondo Yadziko Lonse Yoyamba, m'busa wachinyamata wa ku Switzerland akupeza kuti malingaliro ake odalirika, omasuka okhudza dziko lachikhristu lomwe likuyandikira ungwiro wamakhalidwe abwino ndi wauzimu asweka ndi kuphedwa kosayerekezeka ku Western Front. Karl Barth anazindikira kuti, poyang'anizana ndi vuto lalikulu lotere, uthenga wabwino umafunika malingaliro atsopano komanso enieni. Mu ndemanga yake pa Aroma, yofalitsidwa ku Germany mu 1918, Barth anasonyeza nkhawa kuti mawu oyambirira a Paulo anali kutayika ndi kukwiriridwa pansi pa zaka mazana ambiri za maphunziro ndi kutsutsidwa.
M'mawu ake pa Aroma 1, Barth adati uthenga wabwino si chinthu chimodzi mwa zina, koma mawu omwe ndiye chiyambi cha zinthu zonse, mawu omwe amakhala atsopano nthawi zonse, uthenga wochokera kwa Mulungu womwe umafuna komanso umafuna chikhulupiriro ukawerengedwa molondola. , imatulutsa chikhulupiriro chomwe chimayerekezera. Uthenga, atero Barth, umafuna kutenga nawo mbali komanso mgwirizano. Mwanjira imeneyi, Barth adawonetsa kuti mawu a Mulungu anali othandiza kudziko lomwe linamenyedwa ndikukhumudwitsidwa ndi nkhondo yapadziko lonse lapansi. Apanso, Aroma anali nyenyezi yowala yomwe idawonetsa njira yotuluka mu khola lakuda la chiyembekezo chosweka. Ndemanga ya Barth yokhudza Aroma yafotokozedwa moyenera ngati bomba lomwe lidaponyedwa pamunda wa akatswiri anzeru zamaphunziro azaumulungu. Apanso Mpingo unasinthidwa ndi uthenga wa Aroma, womwe unakopa owerenga odzipereka.
Uthengawu udasintha Luther. Iye anasintha Wesile. Anasintha Barth. Ndipo zikusinthabe anthu ambiri masiku ano. Kudzera mwa iwo, Mzimu Woyera amasintha owerenga ake mwachikhulupiriro komanso motsimikiza. Ngati simukudziwa izi, ndikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge Aroma ndikukhulupirira.
ndi Joseph Tkach
