Yesu ndi Mpingo mu Chivumbulutso 12
Pachiyambi cha 12. M’chaputala chachinayi cha Chivumbulutso, Yohane akusimba za masomphenya ake a mkazi woyembekezera amene watsala pang’ono kubereka. Iye amamuona mu ulemerero wonyezimira - atavala dzuwa ndi mwezi pansi pa mapazi ake. Pamutu pake pali nkhata kapena korona wa nyenyezi khumi ndi ziwiri. Kodi mkaziyo ndi mwana akutanthauza ndani?
Im 1. Mu Buku la Mose, tikupeza nkhani ya kholo la m’Baibulo Yosefe, amene analota maloto omwe nkhani yofanana ndi imeneyi inamuonekera. Pambuyo pake anauza abale ake kuti anaona dzuwa, mwezi, ndi nyenyezi khumi ndi chimodzi zikumuweramira. (1. Mose 37,9).
Zithunzi za m’maloto a Yosefe zinali zoonekeratu za anthu a m’banja lake. Iwo anali atate wa Yosefe Israyeli (dzuwa), amayi ake Rakele (mwezi), ndi abale ake khumi ndi mmodzi (nyenyezi, onani. 1. Mose 37,10). Pamenepa Yosefe anali m’bale wa khumi ndi awiri kapena “nyenyezi”. Ana khumi ndi aŵiri a Israyeli anakhala mafuko ochuluka ndipo anakula kukhala mtundu umene unakhala anthu osankhidwa a Mulungu (Deut.4,2).
Chivumbulutso 12 chikusintha kwambiri zinthu za m'maloto a Yosefe. Iye akuwamasuliranso mogwirizana ndi Israyeli wauzimu—Tchalitchi kapena msonkhano wa anthu a Mulungu. (Galater 6,16).
Mu Chivumbulutso, mafuko khumi ndi awiri sakunena za Israeli wakale, koma akuyimira mpingo wonse (7,1-8). Mkazi wovekedwa dzuwa akhoza kuyimira mpingo ngati mkwatibwi wowala wa Khristu. (2. Korinther 11,2). Mwezi womwe unali pansi pa mapazi a mkaziyo ndi korona pamutu pake zinkaimira kupambana kwake kudzera mwa Khristu.
Mogwirizana ndi chophiphiritsa chimenechi, “mkazi” wa pa Chivumbulutso 12 akuimira mpingo woyera wa Mulungu. amene akuimira Mesiya amabweretsa "(Kutanthauzira: A Bible Commentary for Teaching and Preaching," Revelation, "p. 152).
M’Chipangano Chatsopano, mpingo umatchedwa Israyeli wauzimu, Ziyoni, ndi “mayi” (Agalatiya 4,26; 6,16; Aefeso 5,23-24; 30-32; Ahebri 12,22Ziyoni—Yerusalemu anali mayi woyembekezeredwa wa anthu a Israyeli. (Jesaja 54,1). Fanizoli linasamutsidwira ku Chipangano Chatsopano ndipo linagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mpingo. (Galater 4,26).
Othirira ndemanga ena amawona chizindikiro cha mkazi wa Chivumbulutso 12,1-3 tanthauzo lalikulu. Iwo amati chithunzichi ndi kutanthauziranso malingaliro achiyuda okhudza Mesiya ndi nthano za chiwombolo chachikunja ponena za zomwe zinachitikira Khristu. M. Eugene Boring akuti: “Mkazi si Mariya, kapena Israyeli, kapena Tchalitchi, koma wocheperapo komanso woposa zonsezi. Zithunzi zomwe Yohane anagwiritsa ntchito zimabweretsa zinthu zingapo pamodzi: chithunzi cha nthano zachikunja za Mfumukazi ya Kumwamba; nkhani ya Hava, mayi wa zamoyo zonse, kuchokera m'buku loyamba la Mose, amene ‘mbewu’ yake inaphwanya mutu wa njoka yakale.” (1. Mose 3,1-6) wa Israyeli, amene anapulumuka chinjoka/Farao pa mapiko a chiwombankhanga kupita kuchipululu (2. Mose 19,4; Masalimo 74,12-15); ndi Ziyoni, 'mayi' wa anthu a Mulungu mu mibadwo yonse, Israeli ndi mpingo” (p. 152).
Poganizira izi, omasulira ena a Baibulo adzawona zomwe zatchulidwa mgawoli kuzikhulupiriro zosiyanasiyana zachikunja komanso nkhani ya loto la Yosefe mu Chipangano Chakale. Mu nthano zachi Greek, mulungu wamkazi wapakati Leto amatsatiridwa ndi chinjoka cha chinjoka. Amathawira pachilumba komwe amaberekera Apollo, yemwe pambuyo pake amapha chinjokacho. Pafupifupi chikhalidwe chilichonse cha ku Mediterranean chinali ndi nthano inayake yankhondo yomwe chilombocho chimagonjetsera wopikitsayo.
Chithunzi cha Chivumbulutso cha mkazi wakuthambo amalemba nthano zonsezi kuti ndizabodza. Ikuti palibe imodzi mwa nkhanizi yomwe imamvetsetsa kuti Yesu ndiye Mpulumutsi komanso kuti Mpingo umapanga anthu a Mulungu. Khristu ndiye Mwana amene amapha chinjoka, osati Apollo. Mpingo ndi mayi wa amene Mesiya adza; Leto si mayi. Mkazi wamkazi Aromani - amene akuyimira Ufumu wa Roma - ali ngati hule lauzimu lapadziko lonse lapansi, Babulo Wamkulu. Mfumukazi yeniyeni yakumwamba ndi Ziyoni, yemwe wapangidwa ndi mpingo kapena anthu a Mulungu.
Motero vumbulutso la nkhani ya akazi likuvumbulutsa zikhulupiriro zakale za ndale ndi zachipembedzo. Katswiri wina wamaphunziro a Baibulo wa ku Britain, GR Beasley-Murray, anati kugwiritsa ntchito kwa John nthano ya Apollo “ndi chitsanzo chodabwitsa cha kulankhula za chikhulupiriro chachikhristu kudzera m’chizindikiro chodziwika padziko lonse lapansi” ( The New Century Bible Commentary, “Revelation,” p. 192 ).
Chibvumbulutso chikuwonetsanso Yesu ngati Mpulumutsi wa Mpingo - Mesiya woyembekezeredwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Ndi ichi, bukhuli likumasuliranso tanthauzo la zizindikiro za Chipangano Chakale momveka bwino. BR Beasley-Murray akufotokoza kuti: “Mwa kugwiritsa ntchito mawu ameneŵa, John anatsimikizira mosapita m’mbali kuti chiyembekezo chachikunja ndi lonjezo la Chipangano Chakale mwa Kristu wa Uthenga Wabwino lidzakwaniritsidwa. Palibe Mpulumutsi wina koma Yesu ”(p. 196).
Chibvumbulutso 12 chimawululanso wotsutsa wamkulu wa mpingo. Iye ndiye chinjoka chofiira choopsa chokhala ndi mitu 1, nyanga khumi ndi nduwira zachifumu pamutu pake. Chivumbulutso chimafotokoza momveka bwino kuti chinjokacho ndi “njoka yakale ija yotchedwa Mdyerekezi kapena Satana, wonyenga wa dziko lonse lapansi.” (Gen.2,9 ndi 20,2).
Woimira [woloŵa m’malo] wa Satana wa padziko lapansi—chilombo cha m’nyanja—alinso ndi mitu isanu ndi iŵiri ndi nyanga khumi, ndipo alinso ndi utoto wofiira (Gen.3,1 ndi 17,3). Makhalidwe a Satana amaonekera mwa omuimira ake padziko lapansi. Chinjokacho chimaimira zoipa ngati munthu. Popeza kuti nthano zakalekale zinkanena zambiri za zinjoka, omvera a Yohane akanadziwa kuti chinjoka cha pa Chivumbulutso 13 chikuimira mdani wa chilengedwe chonse.
Zomwe mitu isanu ndi iwiri ya chinjoka ikuimira sizikudziwikiratu. Komabe, popeza kuti Yohane akugwiritsa ntchito nambala yachisanu ndi chiwiri monga chizindikiro cha kukwanira, mwina izi zikusonyeza mmene mphamvu ya Satana ilili m’chilengedwe chonse, ndiponso kuti iye akuimira zoipa zonse mwa iye mwini. Chinjokacho chilinso ndi nduwira zachifumu 1 pamutu pake. Iwo akanaimira zoneneza zopanda pake za Satana zotsutsana ndi Kristu. Monga Mbuye wa ambuye, Yesu ali ndi akorona onse aulamuliro. Iye ndiye amene adzavekedwa akorona achifumu ambiri (Gen9,12.16).
Tikuphunzira kuti chinjoka “chinasesa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a nyenyezi zakumwamba ndi kuziponya padziko lapansi” (Gen.2,4). Chigawo chimenechi chagwiritsidwa ntchito kangapo m’buku la Chivumbulutso. Mwina tiyenera kumvetsetsa mawu awa ngati ochepa kwambiri.
Timapatsidwanso mbiri yachidule ya “mwana” wa mkazi’yo ponena za Yesu (Gen2,5). Chibvumbulutso apa chikunena nkhani ya Chochitika cha Khristu ndipo chimanena za kuyesa kosapambana kwa Satana kulepheretsa dongosolo la Mulungu.
Chinjoka chinayesa kupha kapena "kumeza" mwana wa mayiyo panthawi yobadwa kwake. Izi zikuyimira zomwe zinachitika m'mbiri. Herode atamva kuti Mesiya wachiyuda wabadwira ku Betelehemu, anapha makanda onse mumzindawo, zomwe zikanapangitsa kuti Yesu wakhanda afe. (Matthäus 2,16). Ndithudi, Yesu anathawira ku Igupto ndi makolo ake. Buku la Chivumbulutso limatiuza kuti Satana ndiye anali kumbuyo kwa chiwembu chofuna kupha Yesu—kuti “amudye.”
Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti kuyesa kwa Satana "kudya" mwana wa mayiyo kunalinso kuyesa kwake Yesu. (Matthäus 4,1-11) , kubisa uthenga wa Uthenga Wabwino (Matthäus 13,39) ndipo kusonkhezera kwake kuti Khristu apachikidwe pamtanda kunaphatikizapo (Johannes 13,2). Mwa kupha Yesu mwa kupachikidwa pamtanda, mdierekezi mwina ankaganiza kuti wapambana Mesiya. Ndipotu, imfa ya Yesu yokha ndiyo inapulumutsa dziko lapansi ndikutseka tsogolo la mdierekezi (Yohane 1).2,31; 14,30; 16,11; Akolose 2,15; Ahebri 2,14).
Kupyolera mu imfa ndi kuukitsidwa kwake, Yesu mwana wa mkaziyo “anakwatulidwa kwa Mulungu ndi kumpando wake wachifumu.” ( Gen.2,5Izi zikutanthauza kuti anaukitsidwa kukhala wosafa. Mulungu waukitsa Khristu wolemekezeka kukhala ndi ulamuliro padziko lonse lapansi. (Philipper 2,9-11). Cholinga chake ndi “kulamulira mitundu yonse ndi ndodo yachitsulo” (1)2,5). Adzaweta mitundu ya anthu ndi ulamuliro wachikondi koma wotheratu. Mawu awa - "mitundu yonse ilamulira" - amazindikiritsa bwino lomwe chizindikiro cha mwanayo. Iye ndi Mesiya wodzozedwa wa Mulungu, woikidwiratu kulamulira dziko lonse lapansi mu ufumu wa Mulungu (Masalmo 2,9; rev 19,15).
