Mukuganiza bwanji zakumva kwanu?

396 mukuganiza bwanji za kuzindikira kwanuAmatchedwa vuto lamaganizidwe amthupi (komanso vuto lamzimu) pakati pa anzeru ndi akatswiri azaumulungu. Sizokhudza vuto loyendetsa bwino magalimoto (monga kumwa sips m'kapu popanda kutaya chilichonse kapena kuponya mivi molakwika). M'malo mwake, funso ndiloti ngati matupi athu ali akuthupi ndipo malingaliro athu ndi auzimu; Kapena, mwanjira ina, ngakhale anthu ali akuthupi kapena osakanikirana ndi thupi ndi lauzimu.

Ngakhale kuti Baibulo silimakamba nkhani ya m’maganizo mwachindunji, lili ndi maumboni omveka bwino a mbali yosakhala yakuthupi ya kukhalapo kwa munthu ndipo limasiyanitsa (m’mawu a Chipangano Chatsopano) pakati pa thupi (thupi, thupi) ndi moyo (maganizo, mzimu). Ndipo pamene kuli kwakuti Baibulo silimalongosola mmene thupi ndi moyo zimagwirizanirana kapena ndendende mmene zimagwirizanirana, silimalekanitsa ziŵirizo kapena kuzisonyeza kukhala zosinthana ndipo silichepetsa konse moyo kukhala wakuthupi. Ndime zingapo zikusonya ku “mzimu” wapadera mwa ife ndi kulumikizana ndi Mzimu Woyera zomwe zikusonyeza kuti titha kukhala pa ubale ndi Mulungu (Aroma 8,16 ndi 1. Akorinto 2,11).

Poganizira vuto la m'maganizo ndi thupi, ndikofunikira kuti tiyambe ndi chiphunzitso chofunikira cha m'Malemba: Sipakanakhala anthu ndipo sakanakhala momwe iwo alili, kupitirira ubale umene ulipo, wopitirira ndi Mlengi wopambana, Mulungu, zinthu zonse Zolengedwa ndi kukhalapo. Chilengedwe (kuphatikizapo anthu) sichikanakhalako ngati Mulungu anali wosiyana kotheratu nacho. Chilengedwe sichinadzilenge chokha ndipo sichimasunga kukhalapo kwake - Mulungu yekha ndi amene alipo (azamulungu amalankhula apa za kukhalapo kwa Mulungu). Kukhalapo kwa zinthu zonse zolengedwa ndi mphatso yochokera kwa Mulungu amene alipo.

Mosiyana ndi umboni wa m’Baibulo, anthu ena amanena kuti anthu ndi zinthu zakuthupi. Kutsimikiza uku kumabweretsa funso ili: Kodi chingachitike bwanji kuti chinthu chopanda umunthu monga chidziwitso chamunthu chichoke ku chinthu chosazindikira monga chinthu chakuthupi? Funso logwirizana nalo ndilakuti: Kodi nchifukwa ninji pali malingaliro aliwonse a chidziwitso cha zomverera konse? Mafunsowa amayambitsa mafunso enanso ngati chidziwitso ndi chinyengo chabe kapena ngati pali (ngakhale kuti si thupi) chigawo chomwe chikugwirizana ndi ubongo wakuthupi, koma chiyenera kusiyanitsa.

Pafupifupi aliyense amavomereza kuti anthu ali ndi chidziwitso (dziko lamkati la malingaliro ndi zithunzi, malingaliro ndi malingaliro) - zomwe zimatchedwa maganizo ndi zomwe ziri zenizeni kwa ife monga kufunikira kwa chakudya ndi kugona. Komabe, palibe mgwirizano pazachilengedwe komanso chifukwa cha chidziwitso / malingaliro athu. Okonda zinthu zakuthupi amaziwona kokha chifukwa cha zochita za electrochemical muubongo wakuthupi. Osakhala ndi zinthu zakuthupi (kuphatikizapo akhristu) amawona ngati chinthu chopanda thupi chomwe sichifanana ndi ubongo weniweni.

Malingaliro okhudza chidziwitso amagwera m'magulu awiri akuluakulu. Gulu loyamba ndi la physicalism ( chuma). Izi zikutiphunzitsa kuti kulibe dziko lauzimu losaoneka. Gulu lina limatchedwa parallel dualism, lomwe limaphunzitsa kuti malingaliro amatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osakhala athupi kapena osakhala athupi, kotero kuti sangathenso kufotokozedwa m'mawu athupi. Parallel dualism imayang'ana ubongo ndi malingaliro ngati kulumikizana ndikugwira ntchito limodzi - ubongo ukavulala, kuthekera koganiza momveka kumatha kusokonezedwa. Zotsatira zake, kuyanjana kofanana kumakhudzidwanso.

Pankhani ya uwiri wofananira, mawu akuti uwiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa anthu kusiyanitsa pakati pa zinthu zowoneka ndi zosawoneka pakati pa ubongo ndi malingaliro. Njira zamaganizidwe zomwe zimachitika payekhapayekha mwa munthu aliyense ndi zachinsinsi ndipo sizipezeka kwa anthu akunja. Munthu wina atha kutigwira dzanja, koma sangathe kudziwa malingaliro athu achinsinsi (ndipo nthawi zambiri timasangalala kwambiri kuti Mulungu wakonza mwanjira imeneyo!). Komanso, malingaliro ena aumunthu omwe timawakonda mkati mwake sangasinthidwe kukhala zinthu zakuthupi. Zolinga zake ndi monga chikondi, chilungamo, chikhululukiro, chimwemwe, chifundo, chisomo, chiyembekezo, kukongola, choonadi, ubwino, mtendere, zochita za anthu ndi udindo - izi zimapereka cholinga ndi cholinga cha moyo. Ndime ya m’Baibulo imatiuza kuti mphatso zonse zabwino zimachokera kwa Mulungu (Yakobo 1,17). Kodi izi zikutifotokozera za kukhalapo kwa malingaliro awa ndi chisamaliro cha umunthu wathu - monga mphatso zochokera kwa Mulungu kwa anthu?

Monga Akristu, timasonya ku ntchito zosasanthulika ndi chisonkhezero cha Mulungu m’dziko; Izi zikuphatikizapo kuchita kwake kupyolera mu zinthu zolengedwa (zotsatira za chilengedwe) kapena, mwachindunji, machitidwe ake kupyolera mwa Mzimu Woyera. Popeza kuti Mzimu Woyera ndi wosaoneka, ntchito yake siingathe kuyesedwa. Koma ntchito yake ikuchitika mu dziko lakuthupi. Ntchito zake ndizosayembekezereka ndipo sizingasinthidwe kukhala maunyolo omveka bwino. Ntchito zimenezi sizikuphatikizapo chilengedwe cha Mulungu monga choncho, komanso Kubadwanso Kwinakwake, Kuuka kwa Akufa, Kukwera Kumwamba, kutumiza kwa Mzimu Woyera ndi kubweranso koyembekezeka kwa Yesu Khristu kukamaliza ufumu wa Mulungu komanso kukhazikitsidwa kwa kumwamba kwatsopano ndi dziko lapansi latsopano.

Pobwerera ku vuto lamalingaliro ndi thupi, okonda chuma amati malingaliro amatha kufotokozedwa mwakuthupi. Lingaliro ili limatsegula kuthekera, ngakhale kuti sikofunikira, kutulutsanso malingaliro mwachinyengo. Kuyambira pomwe mawu oti "Artificial Intelligence" (AI) adapangidwa, AI yakhala nkhani yachiyembekezo pakati pa opanga makompyuta ndi olemba zopeka za sayansi. Kwa zaka zambiri, AI yakhala gawo lofunikira paukadaulo wathu. Ma algorithms amapangidwira mitundu yonse ya zida ndi makina, kuyambira mafoni am'manja kupita pamagalimoto. Kukula kwa mapulogalamu ndi zida zamagetsi kwapita patsogolo kwambiri kotero kuti makina apambana anthu pakuyesa masewera. Mu 1997, makina a IBM Deep Blue adagonjetsa katswiri wa chess padziko lonse Garry Kasparov. Kasparov adadzudzula IBM chifukwa chachinyengo ndipo adafuna kubwezera. Ndikadakhala kuti IBM ikanakana, koma adaganiza kuti makinawo adagwira ntchito molimbika ndikungosiya Deep Blue. Mu 2011, chiwonetsero cha Jeopardyuiz chidachita masewera pakati pa Watson Computer ya IBM ndi osewera awiri apamwamba a Jeopardy. (M'malo moyankha mafunso, osewera ayenera kupanga mwachangu mafunso kuti apereke mayankho.) Osewera adataya malire. Ndikhoza kunena (ndipo ndikuchita chipongwe) kuti Watson, yemwe ankangogwira ntchito monga momwe adapangidwira komanso kukonzedwa kuti achite, sanasangalale; koma mapulogalamu a AI ndi mainjiniya a hardware amaterodi. Zimenezo ziyenera kutiuza chinachake!

Okonda chuma amanena kuti palibe umboni wosonyeza kuti maganizo ndi thupi n’zosiyana. Amatsutsa kuti ubongo ndi chidziwitso ndizofanana ndikuti malingaliro mwanjira inayake amachokera ku kuchuluka kwa ubongo kapena kumachokera ku zovuta zomwe zimachitika muubongo. Mmodzi mwa anthu otchedwa "osakhulupirira Mulungu" Daniel Dennett, amapita patsogolo ndipo amanena kuti chikumbumtima ndi chinyengo. Woikira kumbuyo Chikristu Greg Koukl akusonyeza cholakwa chachikulu pa mkangano wa Dennett:

Ngati kulibe chidziwitso chenicheni, sipakanakhala njira yodziwira kuti chinali chinyengo chabe. Ngati chidziwitso chikufunika kuti tizindikire chinyengo, ndiye kuti sichingakhale chinyengo. Momwemonso, munthu amayenera kuzindikira maiko onse, enieni komanso abodza, kuti azindikire kuti pali kusiyana pakati pa ziwirizi, motero azitha kuzindikira dziko lonyenga. Ngati malingaliro onsewa anali achinyengo, sibwenzi atadziwika.

Zosaoneka sizingadziwike kudzera mu njira zakuthupi (zoyesa). Zochitika zakuthupi zokha zitha kudziwika kuti ndizowoneka, zoyezeka, zotsimikizika komanso zobwerezabwereza. Ngati pali zinthu zokhazo zomwe zitha kutsimikiziridwa mwamphamvu, ndiye kuti zomwe zinali zapadera (zosabwerezabwereza) sizingakhalepo. Ndipo ngati zili choncho, ndiye kuti mbiri yopangidwa ndi zochitika zapadera, zosabwerezedwa, sizingakhalepo! Izi zitha kukhala zosavuta, ndipo kwa ena ndi kufotokozera momveka bwino kuti pali zinthu zotere zomwe zitha kuzindikirika ndi njira yapadera komanso yokondedwa. Mwachidule, palibe njira yotsimikizira kuti ndi zotsimikizika / zakuthupi zokha zomwe zilipo! Ndizosamveka kuchepetsa zenizeni zonse kuzomwe zitha kupezedwa ndi njira imodzi iyi. Lingaliro limeneli nthawi zina limatchedwa sayansi.

Iyi ndi nkhani yaikulu ndipo ndangokanda pamwamba chabe, koma ilinso nkhani yofunika kwambiri—onani ndemanga ya Yesu yakuti: “Ndipo musamaopa amene akupha thupi, koma moyo sangathe kuupha.” ( Mateyu 10,28). Yesu sanali wokondetsa zinthu zakuthupi - anasiyanitsa momveka bwino pakati pa thupi lanyama (limene limaphatikizaponso ubongo) ndi chigawo chopanda umunthu cha umunthu wathu, chomwe chiri chenicheni cha umunthu wathu. Pamene Yesu amatiuza kuti tisalole kuti ena aphe miyoyo yathu, anali kutanthauzanso kuti tisalole kuti ena awononge cikhulupililo cathu mwa Mulungu. Sitingathe kumuwona Mulungu, koma timamudziwa ndikumukhulupirira ndipo kudzera mu chidziwitso chathu chopanda thupi timatha kumumva kapena kumuzindikira. Chikhulupiriro chathu mwa Mulungu ndi gawo la zochitika zathu zozindikira.

Yesu akutikumbutsa kuti luntha lathu ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la kukhala ophunzira ake monga ophunzira ake. Chidziwitso chathu chimatipatsa kuthekera kokhulupilira mwa Utatu wa Mulungu, Atate, Mwana ndi Mzimu Woyera. Imatithandiza kuvomereza mphatso ya chikhulupiriro; Chikhulupiriro ndicho “chidaliro cholimba cha zinthu zoyembekezeredwa, wosakayikira zinthu zosapenyeka.” (Aheb 11,1). Kuzindikira kwathu kumatithandiza kudziwa ndi kukhulupirira Mulungu monga Mlengi, “kuzindikira kuti dziko lapansi linalengedwa ndi Mawu a Mulungu, kotero kuti zonse zooneka ndi zopanda pake” (Chihebri. 11,3). Kuzindikira kwathu kumatithandiza kukhala ndi mtendere umene uli pamwamba pa zifukwa zonse, kuzindikira kuti Mulungu ndiye chikondi, kukhulupirira Yesu monga Mwana wa Mulungu, kukhulupirira moyo wosatha, kudziwa chimwemwe chenicheni ndiponso kudziwa kuti ndife ana okondedwa a Mulungu. .

Tiyeni tisangalale kuti Mulungu watipatsa kuthekera kolingalira kuti tizindikire dziko lathu komanso iye,

Joseph Tsoka

Purezidenti
CHISOMO CHOKHUDZANA NDI MADZIKO OTHANDIZA


keralaMukuganiza bwanji zakumva kwanu?