Kuyeretsedwa

Kuyeretsedwa ndi ntchito ya chisomo imene Mulungu kudzera mwa iye amaika chilungamo ndi chiyero cha Yesu Khristu kwa okhulupirira ndikumuphatikizanso mu zimenezo. Kuyeretsedwa kumachitika kudzera mu chikhulupiriro mwa Yesu Khristu ndipo kumachitika kudzera mu kupezeka kwa Mzimu Woyera mwa anthu. (Aroma 6,11; 1. Johannes 1,8-9; Aroma 6,22; 2. Atesalonika 2,13; (Agalatiya 5:22-23)

Kuyeretsedwa

Malinga ndi Concise Oxford Dictionary, kuyeretsa kumatanthauza kupatulira kapena kukhala opatulika, kapena kuyeretsa kapena kupulumutsa ku uchimo.¹ Matanthauzo amenewa akusonyeza mfundo yakuti Baibulo limagwiritsa ntchito mawu oti “woyera” m’njira ziwiri: 1) udindo wapadera, kutanthauza kuti wopatulidwa kuti Mulungu agwiritse ntchito, ndi 2) makhalidwe abwino – maganizo ndi zochita zoyenerera udindo wopatulika, Maganizo ndi zochita zogwirizana. ndi njira ya Mulungu.²

Ndi Mulungu amene amayeretsa anthu ake. Ndi amene amaupatula kuti ugwiritsire ntchito cholinga chake, ndipo ndi amene amaupangitsa kuti ukhale woyera. Pali kutsutsana pang'ono pa mfundo yoyamba, kuti Mulungu amasiyanitsa anthu ndi cholinga Chake. Koma pali kutsutsana pa kulumikizana pakati pa Mulungu ndi munthu pakukhala oyera pamakhalidwe.

Mafunso ndi monga: Kodi ndi gawo lanji lofunikira lomwe akhristu akuyenera kuchita pakuyeretsa? Kodi Akristu ayenera kuyembekezera kupambana bwino motani kuti agwirizanitse malingaliro ndi zochita zawo ndi miyezo yaumulungu? Kodi mpingo uyenera kulangiza bwanji mamembala ake?

Tipereka mfundo izi:

• Kuyeretsedwa kumatheka chifukwa cha chisomo cha Mulungu.
• Akhristu akuyenera kuyanjanitsa malingaliro awo ndi zochita zawo ndi chifuniro cha Mulungu monga zavumbulutsidwa m’Baibulo.
• Kuyeretsedwa ndikukula pang'onopang'ono potsatira chifuniro cha Mulungu. Tiyeni tikambirane momwe kuyeretsedwa kumayambira.

Kuyeretsedwa koyamba

Anthu ali ndi makhalidwe oipa ndipo sangasankhe Mulungu mwa kufuna kwawo. Chiyanjanitso chiyenera kuyambitsidwa ndi Mulungu. Kuloŵerera kwachisomo kwa Mulungu kumafunika munthu asanakhale ndi chikhulupiriro ndi kutembenukira kwa Mulungu. Kaya chisomo chimenechi n’chosatsutsika n’chosatsutsika, koma Orthodoxy imavomereza kuti ndi Mulungu amene amasankha. Iye amasankha anthu kuti akwaniritse cholinga chake ndipo potero amawayeretsa kapena kuwapatula kuti akhale anthu ena. Kale, Mulungu anayeretsa anthu a Israyeli, ndipo mkati mwa anthu amenewa anapitiriza kuyeretsa Alevi (mwachitsanzo. 3. Mose 20,26:2; 1,6; 5 Mon. 7,6). Anawasankha pa cholinga chake.³

Komabe, Akristu amapatulidwa m’njira yosiyana: “Oyeretsedwa mwa Kristu Yesu” (1. Akorinto 1,2). “Tayeretsedwa kamodzi kokha ndi nsembe ya thupi la Yesu Khristu.” (Aheb 10,10).⁴ Akhristu amayeretsedwa ndi magazi a Yesu (Aheberi 10,29; 12,12). Iwo ayesedwa opatulika (1. Peter 2,5. 9) ndipo amatchedwa “oyera mtima” mu Chipangano Chatsopano chonse. Ndiwo udindo wake. Kuyeretsedwa koyambiriraku kuli ngati kulungamitsidwa (1. Akorinto 6,11). “Mulungu anakusankhani inu poyamba kuti mupulumutsidwe mwa kuyeretsedwa ndi Mzimu” (2. Atesalonika 2,13).

Koma cholinga cha Mulungu kaamba ka anthu Ake chimaposa kungolengeza za mkhalidwe watsopano—ndicho kuikidwa padera kuti agwiritse ntchito, ndipo kagwiritsiridwe kake kamene kamakhudza kusintha kwa makhalidwe mwa anthu ake. Anthu “anaikidwiratu . . . kumvera Yesu Kristu” (1. Peter 1,2). Ayenera kusandulika kukhala chifaniziro cha Yesu Khristu (2. Akorinto 3,18). Sikuti amangoyesedwa kukhala oyera ndi olungama, amabadwanso mwatsopano. Moyo watsopano umayamba kukulirakulira, moyo womwe uyenera kukhala wopatulika ndi wolungama. Motero kuyeretsedwa koyambirira kumatsogolera ku kuyeretsedwa kwa makhalidwe.

Kudziyeretsa mayendedwe

Ngakhale m’Chipangano Chakale, Mulungu anauza anthu ake kuti kukhala kwawo opatulika kumaphatikizapo kusintha khalidwe. Aisiraeli anayenera kupewa kuchita zinthu zodetsedwa chifukwa Mulungu anawasankha4,21). Kukhala kwawo oyera kunkadalira kumvera kwawo (Deuteronomo 5 Akor8,9). Ansembe anayenera kukhululukira machimo ena chifukwa anali oyera (3. Mose 21,6-7). Odzipereka adayenera kusintha machitidwe awo pomwe adasankhidwa (4. Cunt 6,5).

Kusankhidwa kwathu mwa Khristu kuli ndi tanthauzo la chikhalidwe. Popeza kuti Woyerayo watiitana, Akristu akulimbikitsidwa “kukhala oyera m’makhalidwe anu onse” ( NW )1. Peter 1,15-16). Monga anthu osankhidwa a Mulungu ndi oyera, tiyenera kusonyeza chifundo chochokera pansi pa mtima, kukoma mtima, kudzichepetsa, kufatsa, ndi kuleza mtima (Akolose. 3,12).

Uchimo ndi chidetso sizili za anthu a Mulungu (Aef 5,3; 2. Atesalonika 4,3). Pamene anthu adziyeretsa ku zolinga zoipa, amakhala “oyeretsedwa”.2. Timoteo 2,21). Tiyenera kulamulira thupi lathu m’njira yopatulika (2. Atesalonika 4,4). “Woyera” kaŵirikaŵiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndi “osalakwa” (Aefeso 1,4; 5,27; 2. Atesalonika 2,10; 3,13; 5,23; Tito 1,8). Akhristu ‘amaitanidwa kukhala oyera’ (1. Akorinto 1,2), “kutsogolera ulendo wopatulika” (2. Atesalonika 4,7; 2. Timoteo 1,9; 2. Peter 3,11). Timalangizidwa “kutsata chiyeretso.” ( Ahebri 1 Akor2,14). Timalimbikitsidwa kukhala oyera (Aroma 1 Akor2,1), timauzidwa kuti ‘timayeretsedwa’ ( Ahebri 2,11; 10,14), ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kupitiriza kukhala oyera ( Chivumbulutso 2 Akor2,11). Timayeretsedwa ndi ntchito ya Khristu ndi kupezeka kwa Mzimu Woyera mwa ife. Amatisintha kuchokera mkati.

Kuphunzira kwachidule kumeneku kwa Mawu kumasonyeza kuti chiyero ndi kuyeretsedwa zili ndi kanthu kochita ndi khalidwe. Mulungu amawapatula anthu kukhala “oyera” ndi cholinga, kuti akhale ndi moyo woyera mwa kukhala ophunzira a Kristu. Timapulumutsidwa kuti tibale ntchito zabwino ndi zipatso zabwino (Aef 2,8-10; Agalatiya 5,22-23). Ntchito zabwino sizoyambitsa chipulumutso, koma zotsatira zake.

Ntchito zabwino ndi umboni wakuti chikhulupiriro cha munthu ndi chenicheni (Yakobo 2,18). Paulo ananena za “kumvera kwa chikhulupiriro” ndipo ananena kuti chikhulupiriro chimaonekera kudzera m’chikondi (Aroma 1,5; Agalatiya 5,6).

Kukula kwa moyo wonse

Anthu akayamba kukhulupirira Khristu, samakhala angwiro mu chikhulupiriro, chikondi, ntchito, kapena khalidwe. Paulo akutcha Akorinto oyera ndi abale, koma ali ndi machimo ambiri m'miyoyo yawo. Malangizo ambiri mu Chipangano Chatsopano akuwonetsa kuti owerenga samangofunikira maphunziro aziphunzitso zokha, komanso alangizidwe pamakhalidwe. Mzimu Woyera amatisintha, koma sapondereza zofuna za anthu; moyo woyera sutuluka mwachikhulupiriro. Khristu aliyense ayenera kupanga zisankho zakuti achite chabwino kapena choipa, ngakhale Khristu akugwira ntchito mwa ife kuti asinthe zokhumba zathu.

“Munthu wakale” angakhale wakufa, koma Akristu nawonso ayenera kuukhetsa (Aroma 6,6-7; Aefeso 4,22). Tiyenera kupitiriza kupha ntchito za thupi, zotsalira za munthu wakale (Aroma 8,13; Akolose 3,5). Ngakhale tinafa ndi uchimo, uchimo umakhalabe mkati mwathu ndipo sitiyenera kuulola kuti utilamulire (Aroma 6,11-13). Malingaliro, malingaliro ndi zosankha ziyenera kupangidwa mozindikira molingana ndi dongosolo laumulungu. Chiyero ndi chinthu choyenera kutsatiridwa (Ahebri 12,14).

Timalamulidwa kukhala angwiro ndi kukonda Mulungu ndi mtima wathu wonse (Mateyu 5,48;
22,37). Chifukwa cha zofooka za thupi ndi zotsalira za umunthu wakale, sitingathe kukhala angwiro motero. Ngakhale Wesley, polankhula molimba mtima za “ungwiro,” anafotokoza kuti sanali kutanthauza kupanda ungwiro kotheratu.⁵ Kukula kumatheka nthawi zonse ndikulamula. Munthu akakhala ndi chikondi chachikhristu, amayesetsa kuphunzira momwe angachisonyezere m'njira zabwino, osalakwitsa pang'ono.

Mtumwi Paulo anali wolimba mtima mokwanira kunena kuti khalidwe lake linali “loyera, lolungama, ndi lopanda chilema.”2. Atesalonika 2,10). Koma sananene kuti ndi wangwiro. M’malo mwake, iye anafika pa cholinga chimenechi ndipo analangiza ena kuti asaganize kuti akwaniritsa cholinga chawo 3,12-15). Akhristu onse amafunikira chikhululukiro (Mateyu 6,12; 1. Johannes 1,8-9) ndipo ayenera kukula m'chisomo ndi chidziwitso (2. Peter 3,18). Kuyeretsedwa kuyenera kuwonjezeka moyo wonse.

Koma kuyeretsedwa kwathu sikudzatha m’moyo uno. Grudem akufotokoza kuti: “Ngati tizindikira kuti kuyeretsedwa kumakhudza munthu yense, kuphatikizapo thupi lathu (2. Akorinto 7,1; 2. Atesalonika 5,23), pamenepo timazindikira kuti kuyeretsedwa sikudzatha mpaka Ambuye atabweranso ndipo tidzalandira matupi atsopano oukitsidwa.”⁶ Tikatero m’pamene tidzamasulidwa ku uchimo wonse ndi kupatsidwa thupi laulemerero ngati la Khristu.” ( Afilipi 3,21; 1. Johannes 3,2). Chifukwa cha chiyembekezo chimenechi, timakula m’chiyeretso mwa kudziyeretsa tokha.1. Johannes 3,3).

Langizo la m'Baibulo loyera

Wesely adawona kufunika kwaubusa kuti alimbikitse okhulupirika kumvera komwe kumadza chifukwa cha chikondi. Mu Chipangano Chatsopano muli malangizidwe ambiri otere, ndipo nkoyenera kuwalalikira. Ndikoyenera kukhazikika pamalingaliro achikondi ndipo pamapeto pake
Mgwirizano wathu ndi Khristu kudzera mwa Mzimu Woyera amene ali gwero la chikondi.

Pomwe tonsefe timalemekeza Mulungu ndikuzindikira kuti chisomo chiyenera kuyambitsa machitidwe athu onse, timaonetsanso kuti chisomo chotere chilipo m'mitima ya okhulupirira onse, ndipo timawalimbikitsa kuti achitepo kanthu pachisomo chimenecho.

McQuilken amapereka njira yothandiza m'malo mokakamira.7 Iye samaumirira kuti okhulupirira onse ayenera kukumana ndi zomwezo mu kuyeretsedwa. Amalimbikitsa malingaliro apamwamba, koma osaganizira ungwiro. Chilimbikitso chake chotumikira monga zotsatira za kuyeretsedwa ndichabwino. Amatsindika machenjezo olembedwa onena za mpatuko m'malo mongochepetsedwa ndi malingaliro azaumulungu okhudza kupirira kwa oyera mtima.

Kutsindika kwake pazikhulupiriro kumathandiza chifukwa chikhulupiriro ndicho maziko a Chikhristu chonse, ndipo chikhulupiriro chimakhala ndi zotsatirapo pamoyo wathu. Njira zokulira ndizothandiza: pemphero, malembo, chiyanjano, ndikulimba mtima poyesa mayesero. A Robertson amalimbikitsa akhristu kuti akule ndikuchitira umboni popanda kukokomeza zofunikira ndi ziyembekezo.

Akhristu akulimbikitsidwa kukhala chomwe chilengezo cha Mulungu chimanena kuti ali; chofunikira chimatsata zomwe zikuwonetsedwa. Akhristu akuyenera kukhala ndi moyo wopatulika chifukwa Mulungu wawalengeza kuti ndi oyera, oti adzawagwiritse ntchito.

Michael Morrison

¹ RE Allen, ed. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Current English, Edition 8, (Oxford, 1990), p. 1067.

² M’Chipangano Chakale (OT) Mulungu ndi woyera, dzina lake ndi loyera, ndipo ndi Woyerayo (limapezeka nthawi zoposa 100). M’Chipangano Chatsopano (NT), mawu akuti “woyera” amagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza kwa Yesu kuposa kwa Atate (nthawi 14 motsutsana ndi 36), koma kaŵirikaŵiri ku Mzimu (ka50). Chipangano Chakale chimanena za anthu oyera (odzipereka, ansembe, ndi anthu) nthawi 110, nthawi zambiri ponena za udindo wawo; Chipangano Chatsopano chimanena za anthu oyera pafupifupi nthawi 17. OT imanena za malo opatulika pafupifupi nthawi 70; NT nthawi 19 zokha. OT imanena za zinthu zopatulika pafupifupi nthawi ; NT katatu kokha ngati chithunzi cha anthu oyera. Chipangano Chakale chimanena za nthawi zopatulika mu ndime ; NT sichimatchula nthawi kuti ndi yopatulika. Pankhani ya malo, zinthu, ndi nthawi, kupatulika kumatanthauza udindo woikidwiratu, osati makhalidwe abwino. M’mapangano onse aŵiri, Mulungu ndi woyera ndipo chiyero chimachokera kwa iye, koma mmene chiyero chimakhudzira anthu ndi yosiyana. Chitsimikizo cha Chipangano Chatsopano pa chiyero chimakhudzana ndi anthu ndi makhalidwe awo, osati pa malo enieni a zinthu, malo, ndi nthawi.

³ Makamaka mu OT, kuyeretsedwa sikutanthauza chipulumutso. Zimenezi n’zoonekeratu chifukwa zinthu, malo ndi nthawi zinayeretsedwanso, ndipo zimenezi zikugwirizana ndi Aisiraeli. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa liwu loti “kuyeretsedwa” komwe sikukutanthauza chipulumutso kungapezekenso mu 1. Akorinto 7,4 kupeza - wosakhulupirira adayikidwa mwanjira inayake mu gulu lapadera kuti agwiritse ntchito Mulungu. Chiheberi 9,13 amagwiritsa ntchito mawu oti "oyera" kutanthauza mwambo wapanthawi ya Pangano Lakale.

⁴ Grudem akunena kuti m’ndime zingapo za Ahebri liwu lakuti “kuyeretsedwa” liri pafupifupi lofanana ndi liwu lakuti “kulungamitsidwa” m’mawu a Paulo (W. Grudem, Systematic Theology, Zondervan 1994, p. 748, note 3.)

⁵ John Wesley, "A Plain Account of Christian Perfection," mu Millard J. Erickson, ed. Readings in Christian Theology, Volume 3, The New Life (Baker, 1979), p. 159.

⁶ Grudem, tsamba 749.

⁷ J. Robertson McQuilken, "The Keswick Perspective," Five Views of Sanctification (Zondervan, 1987), pp. 149-183.

Kuyeretsedwa