Kuyeretsedwa

Kuyeretsedwa ndi ntchito ya chisomo imene Mulungu amawerengera wokhulupirira chilungamo ndi chiyero cha Yesu Khristu ndipo amamuphatikiza mmenemo. Kuyeretsedwa kumachitika kudzera mu chikhulupiriro mwa Yesu Khristu ndipo kumachitika chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa Mzimu Woyera mwa munthuyo. (Römer 6,11; 1. Johannes 1,8-9; Römer 6,22; 2. Thessalonicher 2,13; Galater 5, 22-23)

Kuyeretsedwa

Malinga ndi Concise Oxford Dictionary, kuyeretsa kumatanthauza kupatulira kapena kukhala opatulika, kapena kuyeretsa kapena kupulumutsa ku uchimo.¹ Matanthauzo amenewa akusonyeza mfundo yakuti Baibulo limagwiritsa ntchito mawu oti “woyera” m’njira ziwiri: 1) udindo wapadera, kutanthauza kuti wopatulidwa kuti Mulungu agwiritse ntchito, ndi 2) makhalidwe abwino – maganizo ndi zochita zoyenerera udindo wopatulika, Maganizo ndi zochita zogwirizana. ndi njira ya Mulungu.²

Ndi Mulungu amene amayeretsa anthu ake. Ndi amene amaupatula kuti ugwiritsire ntchito cholinga chake, ndipo ndi amene amaupangitsa kuti ukhale woyera. Pali kutsutsana pang'ono pa mfundo yoyamba, kuti Mulungu amasiyanitsa anthu ndi cholinga Chake. Koma pali kutsutsana pa kulumikizana pakati pa Mulungu ndi munthu pakukhala oyera pamakhalidwe.

Mafunso ndi monga: Kodi ndi gawo lanji lofunikira lomwe akhristu akuyenera kuchita pakuyeretsa? Kodi Akristu ayenera kuyembekezera kupambana bwino motani kuti agwirizanitse malingaliro ndi zochita zawo ndi miyezo yaumulungu? Kodi mpingo uyenera kulangiza bwanji mamembala ake?

Tipereka mfundo izi:

• Kuyeretsedwa kumatheka chifukwa cha chisomo cha Mulungu.
• Akhristu akuyenera kuyanjanitsa malingaliro awo ndi zochita zawo ndi chifuniro cha Mulungu monga zavumbulutsidwa m’Baibulo.
• Kuyeretsedwa ndikukula pang'onopang'ono potsatira chifuniro cha Mulungu. Tiyeni tikambirane momwe kuyeretsedwa kumayambira.

Kuyeretsedwa koyamba

Anthu ali ndi makhalidwe oipa ndipo sangasankhe Mulungu mwa kufuna kwawo. Chiyanjanitso chiyenera kuyambitsidwa ndi Mulungu. Kuloŵerera kwachisomo kwa Mulungu kumafunika munthu asanakhale ndi chikhulupiriro ndi kutembenukira kwa Mulungu. Kaya chisomo chimenechi n’chosatsutsika n’chosatsutsika, koma Orthodoxy imavomereza kuti ndi Mulungu amene amasankha. Iye amasankha anthu kuti akwaniritse cholinga chake ndipo potero amawayeretsa kapena kuwapatula kuti akhale anthu ena. Kale, Mulungu anayeretsa anthu a Israyeli, ndipo mkati mwa anthu amenewa anapitiriza kuyeretsa Alevi (mwachitsanzo. 3Mo 20,26; 21,6; 5Mo 7,6). Anawasankha pa cholinga chake.³

Komabe, Akristu amapatulidwa m'njira yosiyana: "Iwo amene ayeretsedwa mwa Khristu Yesu" (1Kor 1,2)"Tayeretsedwa kamodzi kokha mwa nsembe ya thupi la Yesu Khristu." (Hebr 10,10).⁴ Akristu amayeretsedwa kudzera m'mwazi wa Yesu (Hebr 10,29; 12:12). Analengezedwa kukhala oyera (1Pt 2,59) ndipo amatchedwa "oyera mtima" m'Chipangano Chatsopano chonse. Umenewo ndiye udindo wawo. Kuyeretsedwa koyamba kumeneku kuli ngati kulungamitsidwa. (1Kor 6,11)“Mulungu anakusankhani inu poyamba kuti mupulumuke mwa kuyeretsedwa ndi Mzimu” (2 Atesalonika 2:13).

Koma cholinga cha Mulungu pa anthu ake sichimangonena za udindo watsopano—ndi kuikidwa padera kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito, ndipo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kumaphatikizapo kusintha kwa makhalidwe mwa anthu ake. Anthu "amasankhidwa... kuti amvere Yesu Khristu." (1Pt 1,2)Ayenera kusandulika kukhala chifaniziro cha Yesu Khristu. (2Kor 3,18)Sikuti amangotchedwa oyera ndi olungama okha, komanso amabadwanso mwatsopano. Moyo watsopano umayamba kuonekera, moyo womwe uyenera kukhalamo mwachiyero ndi mwachilungamo. Motero, kuyeretsedwa koyamba kumabweretsa kuyeretsedwa kwa khalidwe.

Kudziyeretsa mayendedwe

Ngakhale mu Chipangano Chakale, Mulungu anauza anthu ake kuti chiyero chawo chimaphatikizapo kusintha khalidwe lawo. Aisrayeli anayenera kupewa zodetsa zamwambo chifukwa Mulungu ndiye anawasankha. (5Mo 14,21)Udindo wawo wopatulika unadalira kumvera kwawo. (5Mo 28,9)Ansembe ankayenera kukhululukira machimo ena chifukwa anali oyera. (3Mo 21,6-7)Anthu odzipereka anayenera kusintha khalidwe lawo pamene anali kuchotsedwa. (4Mo 6,5).

Kusankhidwa kwathu mwa Khristu kuli ndi tanthauzo la makhalidwe abwino. Popeza Woyerayo watiitana, Akristu akulimbikitsidwa kuti “khalani oyera m’makhalidwe anu onse.” (1Pt 1,15-16)Monga anthu osankhidwa ndi oyera mtima a Mulungu, tiyenera kusonyeza chifundo chochokera pansi pa mtima, kukoma mtima, kudzichepetsa, kufatsa, ndi kuleza mtima. (Kol 3,12).

Uchimo ndi chidetso sizili ndi malo pakati pa anthu a Mulungu (Eph 5,3(1 Atesalonika 4:3). Anthu akamadziyeretsa okha ku zolinga zochititsa manyazi, “amayeretsedwa.” (2Tim 2,21)Tiyenera kulamulira matupi athu mwanjira yoyera (1 Atesalonika 4:4). “Woyera” nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndi “wopanda chilema” (Eph 1,4; 5,27; 1 Atesalonika 2,10; 3,13; 5,23; Tit 1,8Akristu “aitanidwa kukhala oyera” (1Kor 1,2), “kukhala moyo woyera” (1 Atesalonika 4:7; 2Tim 1,9; 2Pt 3,11Talangizidwa kuti “titsatire chiyero.” (Hebr 12,14)Tikulimbikitsidwa kukhala oyera. (Röm 12,1), tauzidwa kuti “tidzayeretsedwa” (Hebr 2,11; 10:14), ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kupitiriza kukhala oyera. (Offb 22,11)Timayeretsedwa kudzera mu ntchito ya Khristu ndi kukhalapo kwa Mzimu Woyera mkati mwathu. Iye amatisintha kuchokera mkati mpaka kunja.

Kuphunzira mwachidule kwa Mawu kukusonyeza kuti chiyero ndi chiyero zimakhudzana ndi khalidwe. Mulungu amasiyanitsa anthu kukhala "oyera" pa cholinga chake: kutsogolera miyoyo yoyera motsatira mapazi a Khristu. Timapulumutsidwa kuti tithe kubala ntchito zabwino ndi zipatso zabwino. (Eph 2,8-10; Gal 5,22-23)Ntchito zabwino sizimabweretsa chipulumutso, koma zotsatira zake.

Ntchito zabwino ndi umboni wakuti chikhulupiriro cha munthu ndi chenicheni. (Jak 2,18)Paulo akunena za "kumvera kwa chikhulupiriro" ndipo akunena kuti chikhulupiriro chimawonetsedwa kudzera mu chikondi. (Röm 1,5; Gal 5,6).

Kukula kwa moyo wonse

Anthu akayamba kukhulupirira Khristu, samakhala angwiro mu chikhulupiriro, chikondi, ntchito, kapena khalidwe. Paulo akutcha Akorinto oyera ndi abale, koma ali ndi machimo ambiri m'miyoyo yawo. Malangizo ambiri mu Chipangano Chatsopano akuwonetsa kuti owerenga samangofunikira maphunziro aziphunzitso zokha, komanso alangizidwe pamakhalidwe. Mzimu Woyera amatisintha, koma sapondereza zofuna za anthu; moyo woyera sutuluka mwachikhulupiriro. Khristu aliyense ayenera kupanga zisankho zakuti achite chabwino kapena choipa, ngakhale Khristu akugwira ntchito mwa ife kuti asinthe zokhumba zathu.

"Munthu wakale" angakhale wakufa, koma Akristu ayeneranso kuusiya. (Röm 6,6-7; Eph 4,22)Tiyenera kupitiriza kupha ntchito za thupi, zotsalira za umunthu wakale. (Röm 8,13; Kol 3,5)Ngakhale kuti tinafa ku uchimo, uchimo umakhalabe mkati mwathu, ndipo sitiyenera kuulola kuti ulamulire. (Röm 6,11-13)Maganizo, malingaliro, ndi zisankho ziyenera kupangidwa mwadala motsatira dongosolo la Mulungu. Chiyero ndi chinthu choyenera kutsatiridwa. (Hebr 12,14).

Talamulidwa kukhala angwiro ndi kukonda Mulungu ndi mtima wathu wonse (Mt 5,48;
22:37). Chifukwa cha zofooka za thupi ndi zotsalira za umunthu wakale, sitingathe kukhala umunthu wangwiro uwu. Ngakhale Wesley, yemwe analankhula molimba mtima za "ungwiro," anafotokoza momveka bwino kuti sankatanthauza kusakhalapo konse kwa ungwiro.⁵ Kukula kumatheka nthawi zonse ndikulamula. Munthu akakhala ndi chikondi chachikhristu, amayesetsa kuphunzira momwe angachisonyezere m'njira zabwino, osalakwitsa pang'ono.

Mtumwi Paulo anali wolimba mtima mokwanira kunena kuti khalidwe lake linali “loyera, lolungama, ndi lopanda chilema” (1 Atesalonika 2:10). Koma sananene kuti anali wangwiro. M’malo mwake, anayesetsa kukwaniritsa cholinga chimenecho, ndipo analimbikitsa ena kuti asaganize kuti akwaniritsa cholingacho. (Phil 3,12-15)Akristu onse amafunika kukhululukidwa. (Mt 6,12; 1Joh 1,8-9)...ndipo ayenera kukula mu chisomo ndi chidziwitso (2Pt 3,18)Kuyeretsedwa kuyenera kuchulukira m'moyo wonse wa munthu.

Koma kuyeretsedwa kwathu sikudzatha m’moyo uno. Grudem akufotokoza kuti: “Ngati tizindikira kuti kuyeretsedwa kumakhudza munthu yense, kuphatikizapo thupi lathu (2Kor 7,1(1 Atesalonika 5:23), kenako timazindikira kuti kuyeretsedwa sikudzatha kwathunthu mpaka Ambuye atabweranso ndipo tidzalandira matupi atsopano oukitsidwa.⁶ Pokhapokha tidzamasulidwa ku uchimo wonse ndi kulandira thupi laulemerero ngati limene Khristu ali nalo. (Phil 3,21; 1Joh 3,2)Chifukwa cha chiyembekezo ichi, timakula mu chiyero mwa kudziyeretsa tokha. (1Joh 3,3).

Langizo la m'Baibulo loyera

Wesely adawona kufunika kwaubusa kuti alimbikitse okhulupirika kumvera komwe kumadza chifukwa cha chikondi. Mu Chipangano Chatsopano muli malangizidwe ambiri otere, ndipo nkoyenera kuwalalikira. Ndikoyenera kukhazikika pamalingaliro achikondi ndipo pamapeto pake
Mgwirizano wathu ndi Khristu kudzera mwa Mzimu Woyera amene ali gwero la chikondi.

Pomwe tonsefe timalemekeza Mulungu ndikuzindikira kuti chisomo chiyenera kuyambitsa machitidwe athu onse, timaonetsanso kuti chisomo chotere chilipo m'mitima ya okhulupirira onse, ndipo timawalimbikitsa kuti achitepo kanthu pachisomo chimenecho.

McQuilken amapereka njira yothandiza m'malo mokakamira.7 Iye samaumirira kuti okhulupirira onse ayenera kukumana ndi zomwezo mu kuyeretsedwa. Amalimbikitsa malingaliro apamwamba, koma osaganizira ungwiro. Chilimbikitso chake chotumikira monga zotsatira za kuyeretsedwa ndichabwino. Amatsindika machenjezo olembedwa onena za mpatuko m'malo mongochepetsedwa ndi malingaliro azaumulungu okhudza kupirira kwa oyera mtima.

Kutsindika kwake pazikhulupiriro kumathandiza chifukwa chikhulupiriro ndicho maziko a Chikhristu chonse, ndipo chikhulupiriro chimakhala ndi zotsatirapo pamoyo wathu. Njira zokulira ndizothandiza: pemphero, malembo, chiyanjano, ndikulimba mtima poyesa mayesero. A Robertson amalimbikitsa akhristu kuti akule ndikuchitira umboni popanda kukokomeza zofunikira ndi ziyembekezo.

Akhristu akulimbikitsidwa kukhala chomwe chilengezo cha Mulungu chimanena kuti ali; chofunikira chimatsata zomwe zikuwonetsedwa. Akhristu akuyenera kukhala ndi moyo wopatulika chifukwa Mulungu wawalengeza kuti ndi oyera, oti adzawagwiritse ntchito.

Michael Morrison

¹ RE Allen, ed. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Current English, Edition 8, (Oxford, 1990), p. 1067.

² M’Chipangano Chakale (OT) Mulungu ndi woyera, dzina lake ndi loyera, ndipo ndi Woyerayo (limapezeka nthawi zoposa 100). M’Chipangano Chatsopano (NT), mawu akuti “woyera” amagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza kwa Yesu kuposa kwa Atate (nthawi 14 motsutsana ndi 36), koma kaŵirikaŵiri ku Mzimu (ka50). Chipangano Chakale chimanena za anthu oyera (odzipereka, ansembe, ndi anthu) nthawi 110, nthawi zambiri ponena za udindo wawo; Chipangano Chatsopano chimanena za anthu oyera pafupifupi nthawi 17. OT imanena za malo opatulika pafupifupi nthawi 70; NT nthawi 19 zokha. OT imanena za zinthu zopatulika pafupifupi nthawi XNUMX; NT katatu kokha ngati chithunzi cha anthu oyera. Chipangano Chakale chimanena za nthawi zopatulika mu ndime XNUMX; NT sichimatchula nthawi kuti ndi yopatulika. Pankhani ya malo, zinthu, ndi nthawi, kupatulika kumatanthauza udindo woikidwiratu, osati makhalidwe abwino. M’mapangano onse aŵiri, Mulungu ndi woyera ndipo chiyero chimachokera kwa iye, koma mmene chiyero chimakhudzira anthu ndi yosiyana. Chitsimikizo cha Chipangano Chatsopano pa chiyero chimakhudzana ndi anthu ndi makhalidwe awo, osati pa malo enieni a zinthu, malo, ndi nthawi.

³ Makamaka mu OT, kuyeretsedwa sikutanthauza chipulumutso. Zimenezi n’zoonekeratu chifukwa zinthu, malo ndi nthawi zinayeretsedwanso, ndipo zimenezi zikugwirizana ndi Aisiraeli. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa liwu loti “kuyeretsedwa” komwe sikukutanthauza chipulumutso kungapezekenso mu 1. Korinther 7,4 kupeza – wosakhulupirira anaikidwa m'gulu lapadera kuti Mulungu agwiritse ntchito mwanjira inayake. Hebräer 9,13 amagwiritsa ntchito mawu oti "oyera" kutanthauza mwambo wapanthawi ya Pangano Lakale.

⁴ Grudem akunena kuti m’ndime zingapo za Ahebri liwu lakuti “kuyeretsedwa” liri pafupifupi lofanana ndi liwu lakuti “kulungamitsidwa” m’mawu a Paulo (W. Grudem, Systematic Theology, Zondervan 1994, p. 748, note 3.)

⁵ John Wesley, "A Plain Account of Christian Perfection," mu Millard J. Erickson, ed. Readings in Christian Theology, Volume 3, The New Life (Baker, 1979), p. 159.

⁶ Grudem, tsamba 749.

⁷ J. Robertson McQuilken, "The Keswick Perspective," Five Views of Sanctification (Zondervan, 1987), pp. 149-183.

Kuyeretsedwa